This page provides an up-to-date overview of global prostate cancer statistics, drawn from authoritative sources including the American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute, SEER Cancer Statistics, and recent peer-reviewed studies.
These figures reflect international epidemiological trends and are not based on data or opinions from Vitus Privatklinik. They offer clinicians, researchers, and journalists a clear reference point for understanding where the disease burden is rising, which populations face the greatest risks, and how outcomes are shifting across regions.
Key Findings & Trends — Prostate Cancer Statistics 2026
- Global prostate cancer cases are projected to reach 2.4 million annually by 2040.[1]
- Distant-stage prostate cancer is rising in every age group, increasing 2.6–6.2% per year.[2]
- Survival for distant-stage disease remains low at 36–43%, despite treatment advances.[5]
- The mortality-to-incidence ratio is nearly 5× higher in low-income countries compared with high-income countries (0.95 vs 0.24).[4]
- DALYs decreased by 25.8% in high-income countries but increased by 13.8% in low-income countries, showing widening global disparities.[3]
- The African Region reports the highest prostate cancer mortality worldwide.[3]
- Five-year survival exceeds 90% in high-income countries but is only 28% in South Africa.[1]
- Populations of African ancestry face disproportionately higher mortality independent of incidence.[1]
Prostate Cancer Statistics
Prostate cancer remains a major global health burden. In 2022, there were an estimated 1.47 million new prostate cancer cases and 397,000 deaths worldwide. By 2040, these numbers are projected to rise to 2.4 million cases and 712,000 deaths.
While the overall global burden is increasing, the impact is not evenly distributed. Incidence and mortality rates vary widely between countries and ethnic groups, influenced by differences in screening practices, prostate-specific antigen testing, genetics, healthcare access, and demographic structures.
This section outlines current global prostate cancer statistics, highlighting where risk is rising, which populations face higher mortality, and how patterns differ across regions.
Global Prostate Cancer Incidence & Mortality Statistics
- Prostate cancer was the 4th most common cancer worldwide and the 2nd most common cancer in men in 2022.[6]
- There were approximately 1.47 million new cases and ~397,000 deaths worldwide in 2022.[1]
- Global incidence varies more than 50-fold between countries.[7]
- Incidence ranges from <3 per 100,000 (Yemen, Bhutan) to >100 per 100,000 (Guadeloupe, Lithuania, Martinique, Norway, Sweden, Barbados).[7]
- By 2040, the global burden is projected to reach 2.4 million new cases and 712,000 deaths annually.[1]
- Based on age-standardized data, low-income countries have prostate cancer incidence rates 3× lower than high-income countries but 1.3× higher mortality, resulting in a fivefold higher mortality-to-incidence ratio.[3]
- DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) decreased by 25.8% in high-income countries but increased by 13.8% in low-income countries, reflecting widening disparities in mortality and disease burden.[3]
- Globally, prostate cancer incidence increased across all regions from 1990–2019, but declines in mortality occurred mainly in high-income countries.[3]
- The African Region continues to report the highest prostate cancer mortality worldwide, with ASMR rising from 27.9 to 32.9 per 100,000.[3]
Countries With Highest Incidence (ASR per 100,000)
| Countries With Highest ASR for Prostate Cancer Incidence (2022)[8] | ||
| Country | New Cases (2022) | ASR / 100,000 |
| France, Guadeloupe | 660 | 158 |
| Lithuania | 3,208 | 135 |
| France, Martinique | 610 | 134 |
| Norway | 6,276 | 110 |
| Sweden | 11,732 | 104 |
- Across study countries, incidence rates ranged 22-fold, from 7.6 per 100,000 (Thailand) to 168 per 100,000 (Martinique).[9]
- Five countries recorded prostate cancer incidence rates exceeding 100 per 100,000 men, including Guadeloupe (157.5), Lithuania (135.0), Martinique (134.3), Norway (109.9), and Sweden (104.3).[8]
- The global age-standardised incidence rate for prostate cancer is 29.4 per 100,000 men.[8]
- Some of the lowest reported incidence rates globally are under 3 cases per 100,000 men, as observed in countries such as Yemen and Bhutan.[10]
Countries With Highest Number of Cases
| Top 10 Countries by Prostate Cancer Incidence (2022)[8] | |||
| Rank | Country | New Cases (2022) | ASR / 100,000 |
| World | — | 1,467,854 | 29.4 |
| 1 | United States | 230,125 | 75.2 |
| 2 | China | 134,156 | 9.7 |
| 3 | Japan | 104,318 | 50.1 |
| 4 | Brazil | 102,519 | 76.3 |
| 5 | Germany | 65,269 | 54.2 |
| 6 | France (metropolitan) | 57,357 | 82.3 |
| 7 | United Kingdom | 55,485 | 74 |
| 8 | Russia | 52,712 | 47.4 |
| 9 | Italy | 38,180 | 49.5 |
| 10 | India | 37,948 | 5.6 |
- The top three countries by case volume (United States, China, and Japan) accounted for 31.9% of all global prostate cancer diagnoses in 2022.[8]
- Eight of the ten countries in the top incidence list recorded more than 50,000 new cases in 2022.[8]
- India is the only country in the top 10 with an age-standardised incidence rate below 10 per 100,000 men.[8]
- Among the top 10 countries by total cases, France (metropolitan) reported the highest ASR at 82.3 per 100,000 men.[8]
- China has the second-highest number of cases globally, but its ASR (9.7) is nearly eight times lower than that of France (82.3).[8]
Countries With Highest Number of Cases
| Top 10 Countries by Prostate Cancer Deaths (2022)[8] | |||
| Rank | Country | Deaths (2022) | ASR / 100,000 |
| World | — | 397,430 | 7.3 |
| 1 | China | 47,522 | 3.3 |
| 2 | United States | 33,746 | 8.1 |
| 3 | Brazil | 19,958 | 13.5 |
| 4 | India | 18,386 | 2.7 |
| 5 | Germany | 18,015 | 11.6 |
| 6 | Russia | 14,635 | 12.7 |
| 7 | Japan | 14,095 | 4.4 |
| 8 | United Kingdom | 13,237 | 11.8 |
| 9 | Nigeria | 11,443 | 27.9 |
| 10 | France (metropolitan) | 9,264 | 8.2 |
- The top four countries by total prostate cancer deaths (China, the United States, Brazil, and India) accounted for 30.1% of all global prostate cancer deaths in 2022.[8]
- Nigeria has the highest mortality rate (ASR 27.9) of any country in the top 10 mortality list.[8]
- India recorded the lowest age-standardised mortality rate among the top 10 countries, at 2.7 deaths per 100,000 men.[8]
- China accounted for approximately 12% of global prostate cancer deaths in 2022.[8]
- Mortality rates above 10 deaths per 100,000 men were reported in Brazil (13.5), Russia (12.7), Germany (11.6), and the United Kingdom (11.8).[8]
- Nigeria’s mortality rate (27.9 per 100,000) is over eight times higher than that of China (3.3 per 100,000).[8]
- While it isn’t among the top ten for total mortalities, Chad has the highest prostate cancer mortality rate globally at ~49 deaths per 100,000 men.[7]
- In 2019, the Americas had the highest incidence but the greatest decline in mortality, while the African Region had the highest mortality and DALY burden.[3]
- High-income countries had the lowest mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR = 0.24), whereas low-income countries had the highest (MIR ≈ 0.95).[3]
Risk Factors & Global Disparities
The risk of prostate cancer is not evenly distributed across populations. While age, family history, and genetic ancestry remain the strongest predictors of developing prostate cancer, substantial disparities emerge when examining how and when men are diagnosed.
In some regions, most prostate cancer patients are diagnosed at a localized stage with excellent survival, while in others, men are far more likely to present with advanced prostate cancer and face a significantly higher mortality rate. These global disparities reflect the combined influence of biology, access to care, screening availability, and health-system capacity.
Established Risk Factors
- Only three risk factors have strong evidence as established risks: advancing age, family history, and African ancestry / genetic susceptibility.[11]
- Prostate cancer is rare in men younger than 40, and the risk rises rapidly after age 50.[11]
- Lifetime risk increases from 0.2% before age 50 to 6.5% at ages 70–79.[5]
- About 6 in 10 prostate cancers are diagnosed in men aged 65 or older.[11]
- The disease is most commonly diagnosed between ages 65–74, with a median age at diagnosis of 68 years.[12]
Ancestry-Based and Population Disparities
Genetic ancestry plays a significant role in prostate cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. However, few countries collect race-specific cancer statistics. The U.S. SEER registry provides one of the most detailed datasets available and helps illustrate how prostate cancer risk differs across ancestral groups.
| Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Race/Ethnicity in the United States (SEER 2018–2022)[12] | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | Incidence Rate | Mortality Rate |
| Black men | 194.8 | 37 |
| White men | 119 | 18 |
| Hispanic men | 90 | 15 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) | 82 | 19 |
| Asian American/Pacific Islander (AAPI) | 65 | 9 |
- Incidence rate ratios comparing Black men with White men range from 1.30 (≥80 years) to 3.18 (ages 40–44).[13]
- Black men are diagnosed at a younger median age (65) compared with 67–69 years for other groups.[13]
- Age-adjusted incidence rates from 2017–2021 show 188.7 per 100,000 among Black men vs 114.9 per 100,000 among White men.[14]
- Despite 13% lower incidence, AIAN men experience 12% higher mortality than White men, reflecting later-stage detection and differences in treatment access.[13]
- When access and treatment quality are equivalent, outcomes for Black and White men are similar, indicating that disparities are primarily systemic rather than biological.[13]
Presentation & Stage Disparities
- AIAN, AAPI, and Hispanic men are less likely to be diagnosed at localized stage (64–67%) compared with White men (71–72%).[13]
- AIAN men have the highest likelihood of presenting with distant-stage disease (12% vs 8% in White men).[13]
Lifestyle & Environmental Factors (Emerging Evidence)
- Diets high in saturated and animal fats are associated with increased prostate cancer risk in several observational studies.[15]
- Obesity and Western dietary patterns may contribute to rising incidence and more aggressive disease in multiple countries, although evidence is still evolving.[16]
- Smoking, excess body weight, and various environmental exposures are being studied as potential risk modifiers, but findings remain inconsistent.[17]
Genetic Susceptibility & Global Inequity
- Men of West African ancestry have a higher prevalence of genetic variants associated with increased prostate cancer risk.[18]
- The highest mortality rates globally occur in countries with large populations of men of African ancestry combined with limited access to early detection and effective treatment.[20]
- Four of the world’s top 10 mortality populations are located in Latin America and the Caribbean (Cuba, Venezuela, Uruguay, Paraguay), reflecting complex interactions between ancestry, healthcare access, and system capacity.[9]
Screening & Early Detection Patterns
Early detection influences when prostate cancer is diagnosed and the stage at presentation, yet screening practices vary widely across countries. Differences in access to PSA testing, prostate-specific antigen guidelines, and the availability of multiparametric MRI now shape when men are diagnosed and whether their disease is found at a localized or advanced stage.
In some regions, widespread PSA testing has increased early-stage detection, while declines in screening have coincided with a rise in advanced prostate cancer. Emerging evidence also shows that mpMRI can reduce unnecessary biopsies and improve identification of clinically significant disease. Together, these trends illustrate how screening pathways directly influence incidence patterns, disease progression, and long-term survival worldwide.
Global Screening Variation and Its Impact on Detection
- High-income regions such as North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Northern Europe have higher prostate cancer incidence partly because greater PSA testing uptake identifies more asymptomatic and early-stage cancers.[1]
- Countries such as Australia saw declines in prostate cancer incidence around 2008 corresponding to reductions in PSA screening participation.[1]
- In contrast, many regions—particularly the Caribbean and sub-Saharan Africa—experience a combination of genetic susceptibility and limited access to organized screening, contributing to higher rates of late-stage presentation and mortality.[1]
PSA Screening Trends — United States (Representative Case Study)
The United States is used as a case study because it provides some of the most detailed global data on prostate-specific antigen testing, screening uptake, and stage at diagnosis. SEER and other national cancer registries offer decades of consistent reporting, providing a clear dataset for understanding how screening patterns influence incidence and stage distribution.
Adoption of PSA Testing and Initial Incidence Spike
- PSA entered clinical use after FDA approval in 1986, and its rapid adoption in the late 1980s produced a sharp rise in diagnosed prostate cancer cases.[21]
- From 1975–1986, incidence increased gradually at 2% per year. After PSA adoption, incidence rose by 12% per year (1986–1992).[21]
- Widespread PSA screening throughout the 1990s led to a major shift toward early-stage, asymptomatic detection.[22]
Declines in PSA Screening and Rising Advanced-Stage Diagnoses
- Following changes in USPSTF recommendations, PSA screening rates declined substantially, coinciding with increasing rates of advanced-stage disease.[23]
- Annual increases in distant-stage prostate cancer were observed across all age groups:[13]
| Annual Increase in Distant-Stage Prostate Cancer (U.S.)[13] | |
| Age Group | Annual Increase |
| <55 years | 0.026 |
| 55–69 years | 0 |
| ≥70 years | 0.062 |
- Between 2017–2021, incidence rose across all stages:[13]
| U.S. Prostate Cancer Incidence Trends by Stage (2017–2021)[13] | |
| Stage | Annual Change |
| Localized | 0.024 |
| Regional | 0 |
| Distant | 5% |
Screening Participation
| PSA Screening Prevalence Among U.S. Men[13] | |
| Year / Group | PSA Screening Rate |
| 2008 | ~44% |
| 2013 | ~34% |
| 2023 (men ≥50) | 37% |
- PSA screening prevalence peaked at ~44% in 2008, dropped to ~34% by 2013, and has not returned to early-2000s levels.[13]
- In 2023, only 37% of U.S. men aged ≥50 reported having a PSA test in the preceding year.[13]
- Active surveillance is now the recommended initial management for very-low-risk and most low-risk prostate cancer.[13]
- Use of active surveillance has increased markedly, from 26.5% in 2014 to 59.6% in 2021, reflecting a shift away from routine immediate treatment in indolent disease.[13]
Stage at Diagnosis (United States SEER Data)
- U.S. stage distribution for prostate cancer (SEER 2018–2022):[12]
| Stage at Diagnosis (SEER 2018–2022)[12] | |
| Stage | Percentage |
| Localized | 69% |
| Regional | 14% |
| Distant | 8% |
Prostate Cancer Progression & Metastatic Risk (Global Trends)
Rates of advanced and metastatic prostate cancer are rising worldwide, even as early detection continues to improve survival when the disease is found at a localized stage. Recent surveillance data show steady increases in distant-stage diagnoses across all age groups, including younger men, which indicates that a growing share of cases is still being detected too late for curative treatment. These patterns help explain why mortality declines have slowed in many regions despite progress in screening and modern therapies.
| Annual Increase in Distant-Stage Prostate Cancer Diagnoses (by Age Group)[13] | |
| Age Group | Annual Increase in Distant-Stage Diagnoses |
| <55 years | +2.6% per year |
| 55–69 years | +6.0% per year |
| ≥70 years | +6.2% per year |
Rates of advanced and metastatic prostate cancer are rising worldwide, even as early detection continues to improve survival when the disease is found at a localized stage. Recent surveillance data show steady increases in distant-stage diagnoses across all age groups, including younger men, which indicates that a growing share of cases is still being detected too late for curative treatment. These patterns help explain why mortality declines have slowed in many regions despite progress in screening and modern therapies.
- Among men ages 20–54, distant-stage diagnoses are rising 2.6–2.9% annually.[13]
- Global prostate cancer incidence has been rising for over three decades, including in earlier-onset age groups. Men aged 15–49 experienced steady increases from 1990–2021 (EAPC +0.9 per year).[30]
- Incidence rates remain highest in high-SDI regions with widespread screening, while DALY burdens are highest in low- and middle-SDI regions where late-stage diagnosis is more common.[30]
- Age patterns show prostate cancer risk rises sharply beginning in the 40s, reinforcing age as one of the strongest global predictors of incidence.[30]
- Localized-stage incidence is flat or declining in most men under 70, while regional and distant-stage disease continues to rise.
- Five-year survival remains highly dependent on stage:
- Localized/regional disease: ~100%
- Distant-stage disease: 36% in Black men to 43% in Asian American/Pacific Islander men[13]
- Two-year survival for distant-stage prostate cancer has improved to 66%, up from 55% in the mid-2000s.[13]
- Black men have double the prostate cancer mortality of any other racial group.[13]
- American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) men have 12% higher mortality than White men despite lower incidence.[13]
- Advanced-stage disease at diagnosis is more common in AIAN men, contributing to poorer outcomes.[13]
- Over the past decade, distant-stage prostate cancer diagnoses have increased in every age group, rising 2.6%–6.2% per year depending on age.[13]
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